uses of the gerund (verb + -ing)

 uses of the gerund (verb + -ing)

EXAMPLES

1  Eating outside in the summer makes me feel good.

    My idea of happiness is getting up late and not going to work.

2  I love having breakfast in bed.

    I hate not getting to the airport early.

3  I'm thinking of buying a new car.

    He left without saying goodbye.

FORM

• The gerund is the base form of the verb + -ing. It can be affirmative (e.g., going) or negative (e.g., not going).
• We use the gerund:

1 as the subject or object of a sentence.

2 after some verbs, e.g., like, love, hate, enjoy, etc. 

3 after prepositions.

• Remember the spelling rules for the -ing form. 

Comparative - So sanh

 comparatives

adjectives

EXAMPLES

1  I'm busier than I was five years ago.

    People are more impatient today than in the past.

2  I'm less relaxed this year than I was last year.

3  The service in this restaurant isn't as good as it was.

FORM

• To compare two people, places or things we use:

1 comparative adjectives.

2  less + adjective.

3 (not) as + adjective + as.

SPELLING RULES: COMPARATIVE ADJECTIVES

• one-syllable adjectives: + -er, e.g., shorter.
• adjectives ending in one vowel + one consonant: double consonant +  -er, e.g., hotter.

• two-syllable adjectives ending in consonant + y: change y to i + -er, e.g., busier.
• one-syllable adjectives ending in -ed: more + adjective, e.g., more stressed.
• two- or more syllable adjectives: more + adjective, e.g., more famous, more expensive.
• irregular: good → better; bad → worse; far → farther/ further.

adverbs

EXAMPLES

1  People walk more quickly than in the past.

2  My brother speaks French, but less fluently than me.

3  She doesn't drive as fast as her brother.

FORM

• To compare two actions we use:

1 comparative adverbs.

2  less + adverb.

3 (not) as + adverb + as.

SPELLING RULES: COMPARATIVE ADVERBS

• adverbs ending in -ly: more + adverbs, e.g., more quickly.
• irregular: fast → faster; hard → harder; well → better; badly → worse.

Cach dung gioi tu thoi gian AT IN ON

 AT / IN / ON: Time

We use IN with:

• months, e.g., May
• seasons, e.g., (the) summer
• years, e.g., 2050
• times of day, e.g., the morning

We use ON with:

• dates, e.g., April 3rd
• days, e.g., Wednesday, Valentine's Day

We use AT with: 

• time, e.g., 6 o'clock
• EX:
•